Dynamics of human adipose lipid turnover in health and metabolic disease

Autor(en)

Peter Arner, Samuel Bernard, Mehran Salehpour, Göran Possnert, Jakob Liebl, Peter Steier, Bruce A. Buchholz, Mats Eriksson, Erik Arner, Hans Hauner, Thomas Skurk, Mikael Ryden, Keith N. Frayn, Kirsty Spalding

Abstrakt

Adipose tissue mass is determined by the storage and removal of triglycerides in adipocytes(1). Little is known, however, about adipose lipid turnover in humans in health and pathology. To study this in vivo, here we determined lipid age by measuring (14)C derived from above ground nuclear bomb tests in adipocyte lipids. We report that during the average ten-year lifespan of human adipocytes, triglycerides are renewed six times. Lipid age is independent of adipocyte size, is very stable across a wide range of adult ages and does not differ between genders. Adipocyte lipid turnover, however, is strongly related to conditions with disturbed lipid metabolism. In obesity, triglyceride removal rate (lipolysis followed by oxidation) is decreased and the amount of triglycerides stored each year is increased. In contrast, both lipid removal and storage rates are decreased in non-obese patients diagnosed with the most common hereditary form of dyslipidaemia, familial combined hyperlipidaemia. Lipid removal rate is positively correlated with the capacity of adipocytes to break down triglycerides, as assessed through lipolysis, and is inversely related to insulin resistance. Our data support a mechanism in which adipocyte lipid storage and removal have different roles in health and pathology. High storage but low triglyceride removal promotes fat tissue accumulation and obesity. Reduction of both triglyceride storage and removal decreases lipid shunting through adipose tissue and thus promotes dyslipidaemia. We identify adipocyte lipid turnover as a novel target for prevention and treatment of metabolic disease.

Organisation(en)

Isotopenphysik

Externe Organisation(en)

Karolinska Institute, Université de Lyon, Uppsala University, Ångström Laboratory, Division of Ion Physics, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Technische Universität München, Churchill Hospital

Journal

Nature

Band

478

Seiten

110-113

Anzahl der Seiten

4

ISSN

0028-0836

DOI

https://doi.org/10.1038/nature10426

Publikationsdatum

2011

Peer-reviewed

Ja

ÖFOS 2012

302044 Medizinische Physik, 103005 Atomphysik

Sustainable Development Goals

SDG 3 – Gesundheit und Wohlergehen

Link zum Portal

https://ucris.univie.ac.at/portal/de/publications/dynamics-of-human-adipose-lipid-turnover-in-health-and-metabolic-disease(b5b505a9-1286-4d7a-9ed2-08ae1ff49994).html